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Adverse effects of propranolol on reproductive function in adult male mice
Mohamad K Nusier1, Hameed N Bataineh, Haytham M Daradka
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Abstract:
Ingestion of propranolol at 10 and 15 mg kg(-1) body weight for 35 days by adult male mice was investigated for its effects on fertility. Body weight and absolute and relative testes weights were reduced and the average weights of epididymis, ventral prostate and seminal vesicle decreased significantly. A significant decline of spermatogenesis in testes due to a decrease in the number of primary, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids in the treatment group 2 (15 mg kg(-1)) is attributed to a significant decrease in testosterone, LH and FSH. Sperm motility and density were also significantly decreased in the cauda epididymis and in the testes of group 2 treated male mice. In addition, the treatment markedly increased the number of fetal resorptions in female mice impregnated by the group 2 males, thereby reducing their fertility.
Insights
Propranolol exposure in male mice significantly reduced fertility by impairing sperm production and function. This beta-blocker also increased fetal resorptions in females mated with treated males.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Propranolol is a widely used beta-blocker.
- Its effects on male reproductive function require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of propranolol ingestion on male mouse fertility.
- To assess the effects on reproductive organ weights, sperm parameters, and hormonal levels.
Main Methods:
- Adult male mice were administered propranolol (10 and 15 mg/kg) daily for 35 days.
- Reproductive organ weights, sperm count, motility, and hormonal levels (testosterone, LH, FSH) were analyzed.
- Fertility was assessed by mating treated males with females, and fetal resorptions were counted.
Main Results:
- Propranolol significantly reduced body weight and reproductive organ weights (testes, epididymis, prostate, seminal vesicles).
- Spermatogenesis declined significantly, with reduced sperm count and motility in treated mice.
- Hormonal analysis revealed decreased testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels.
- Mating with treated males resulted in a marked increase in fetal resorptions, indicating reduced fertility.
Conclusions:
- Propranolol ingestion negatively impacts male mouse reproductive health.
- The drug disrupts spermatogenesis and sperm quality, likely mediated by hormonal imbalances.
- Propranolol exposure can compromise fertility and negatively affect reproductive outcomes.
