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Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Practical use of bone densitometry.

G F Falasca¹, C Alexandre

¹Cooper Hospital, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden, Camden, New Jersey (G.F.F.), and Hospital of the University of St. Etienne, St. Etienne, France. (C.A.).

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology : Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases

|December 17, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is crucial for early osteoporosis diagnosis. This method identifies individuals at risk of fractures, enabling timely intervention when bone density decreases.

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

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Proximal Cadaveric Femur Preparation for Fracture Strength Testing and Quantitative CT-based Finite Element Analysis

Proximal Cadaveric Femur Preparation for Fracture Strength Testing and Quantitative CT-based Finite Element Analysis

Published on: March 11, 2017

Area of Science:

Bone Densitometry
Osteoporosis Research
Medical Imaging

Background:

Osteoporosis diagnosis relies on bone mineral density (BMD) assessment.
Early detection of low BMD is vital due to new osteoporosis treatments.
Postmenopausal women experience rapid bone loss, increasing fracture risk.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in diagnosing osteoporosis.
To discuss practical challenges and current definitions in DXA scan reporting.
To provide guidance on appropriate indications for DXA scans.

Main Methods:

Review of current clinical practices and definitions for DXA scans.
Analysis of DXA's role in identifying individuals at risk for osteoporotic fractures.
Discussion of epidemiological data linking BMD to fracture risk.

Main Results:

DXA is the primary clinical tool for diagnosing reduced bone mineral density.
A decrease in hip BMD by one standard deviation correlates with a 2.5-fold increase in hip fracture risk.
DXA enables early identification of asymptomatic individuals at fracture risk.

Conclusions:

Accurate and early diagnosis of osteoporosis using DXA is increasingly important.
DXA facilitates risk stratification for fragility fractures.
Addressing variable insurance coverage and defining clear indications for DXA are necessary.