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A Robust Visual Tracking System for Patient Motion Detection in SPECT: Hardware Solutions.

Philippe P Bruyant¹, Michael A Gennert, Glen C Speckert

¹PP Bruyant, RD Beach and MA King are with the University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA. MA Gennert, N. Kumar and S. Nadella are with the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA. Joel D. Morgenstern is with Video Internet & Imaging Inc., Uxbridge MA. Glen C. Speckert is with SpeckTech Inc. Melrose MA, USA.

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

|December 17, 2008

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This study introduces a visual tracking system (VTS) to accurately track patient motion during SPECT imaging. The VTS achieves sub-millimeter accuracy and synchronizes with SPECT scans within 150 ms, improving motion compensation.

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Biomedical Engineering
Motion Tracking

Background:

Patient motion during SPECT imaging can significantly degrade image quality and diagnostic accuracy.
Existing motion compensation methods often rely solely on emission data, which can be insufficient.
Integrating external motion tracking systems offers a complementary approach to enhance accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a robust visual tracking system (VTS) for real-time patient motion tracking.
To assess the accuracy of the VTS in motion detection and its synchronization with SPECT acquisitions.
To combine VTS motion estimates with emission data for improved motion compensation in SPECT.

Main Methods:

Utilized a VTS with stereo imaging, network cameras, reflective markers on a garment, and a calibration phantom.

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Assessed VTS motion tracking accuracy by comparing it against an infra-red tracking system (Polaris).

Evaluated SPECT and VTS synchronization using a digital clock and concurrent acquisitions of a moving radioactive sphere.

Main Results:

The VTS demonstrated motion tracking accuracy with differences generally less than 1mm compared to the Polaris system.
Synchronization between optical and SPECT images was achieved within a 150 ms range.
System performance (network and CPU load) allows for potential upgrades like more cameras or higher image resolution.

Conclusions:

The developed VTS provides accurate and reliable patient motion tracking for SPECT imaging.
Effective synchronization between the VTS and SPECT systems is achievable, crucial for motion compensation.
This combined approach holds promise for significantly improving the quality and reliability of SPECT scans.