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Related Concept Videos

Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete01:16

Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete

Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen also...
Bonding and Strength of Aggregate01:12

Bonding and Strength of Aggregate

The bond between aggregate particles and the cement matrix is significantly influenced by the shape and surface texture of the aggregates. High-strength concretes benefit from a rougher texture, which leads to stronger bonding due to greater adhesion. Angular aggregates with larger surface areas also enhance this bond. The bonding quality, however, is complex to assess as no universally accepted test exists. Good bonding is indicated when a crushed concrete specimen shows some aggregate...
Strength of Cement01:20

Strength of Cement

Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in ASTM C...
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
Soundness of Cement01:17

Soundness of Cement

The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create ettringite,...
Impact Strength of Concrete01:21

Impact Strength of Concrete

Impact strength in concrete is a critical measure that reflects the material's capability to endure the forces applied during pile driving and when supporting machinery foundations that experience impulsive loads. It is also essential when handling precast concrete components to prevent accidental damage. The impact strength is assessed by observing the concrete's resistance to repeated impacts and energy absorption capacity. A key indicator of significant damage to concrete is when it does not...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
11:51

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage

Published on: February 10, 2014

Does increased bone-cement interface strength have negative consequences for bulk cement integrity? A finite element

M A Pérez1, J M García-Aznar, M Doblaré

  • 1Group of Structural Mechanics and Materials Modelling, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Betancourt Building, c/ María de Luna, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain. angeles@unizar.es

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that stronger bone-cement interfaces in hip replacements accelerate cement degradation. The developed computational model realistically simulates implant loosening and cement failure, aiding device design.

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Cantilever Bending of Murine Femoral Necks
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Implant loosening is a primary failure mode in cemented total hip replacements.
  • Factors influencing loosening include cement properties, interface integrity, surgical technique, and implant design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of bone-cement interface mechanical properties on cement degradation.
  • To develop and apply a computational model for simulating cement failure in hip implants.

Main Methods:

  • Combined a bone-cement interface damage model with a bulk cement accumulative damage model.
  • Applied the integrated model to a finite element model of an Exeter cemented hip implant.

Main Results:

  • A stronger bone-cement interface, characterized by increased bone interdigitation, led to accelerated cement deterioration.
  • Progressive damage was observed over time in both the bone-cement interface and the cement mantle.
  • Simulations predicted a larger proximal debonded area, consistent with clinical observations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed computational model realistically simulates bone-cement interface debonding and cement degradation.
  • This model serves as a valuable tool for the design and optimization of cemented hip implants.