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Related Concept Videos

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT
13:36

Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT

Published on: September 30, 2010

Somatic cell nuclear transfer in the mouse.

Satoshi Kishigami1, Teruhiko Wakayama

  • 1RIKEN, Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a cloning technique. A new method using trichostatin A (TSA) significantly improves mouse cloning efficiency and developmental rates.

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT
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Combinational Treatment of Trichostatin A and Vitamin C Improves the Efficiency of Cloning Mice by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
09:52

Combinational Treatment of Trichostatin A and Vitamin C Improves the Efficiency of Cloning Mice by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

Published on: April 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a key technique for epigenetic reprogramming and animal gene manipulation.
  • Despite its utility, SCNT efficiency remains low, and reprogramming mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Mice are ideal models for SCNT research due to genetic resources and rapid reproduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a basic protocol for mouse cloning using cumulus cells.
  • To introduce a novel, enhanced protocol for mouse cloning utilizing trichostatin A (TSA).

Main Methods:

  • Basic mouse cloning via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) using cumulus cells and oocytes.
  • Direct nuclear injection into oocytes using a piezo-actuated micromanipulator.
  • Application of trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, to enhance SCNT efficiency.

Main Results:

  • The described protocol details mouse cloning using cumulus cells and oocyte injection.
  • The inclusion of TSA, an HDAC inhibitor, increased in vitro and in vivo developmental rates by two- to fivefold.
  • This TSA-enhanced method offers a more efficient approach to mouse cloning.

Conclusions:

  • SCNT is a valuable tool for animal cloning and epigenetic research.
  • The novel TSA-enhanced protocol significantly improves mouse cloning efficiency.
  • This improved method facilitates the establishment of mouse cloning in research laboratories.