Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Strength of Cement01:20

Strength of Cement

Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in ASTM C...
Soundness of Cement01:17

Soundness of Cement

The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create ettringite,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bone Healing Response of Two Different Silicate-Containing Calcium Phosphate Synthetic Bone Grafts in a Rabbit Femoral Critical-Sized Defect Model.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials·2026
Same author

Cost-Effectiveness of 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Versus Off-the-Shelf Interbody Cages in Lumbar Spinal Fusion: A Markov Model Cost-Utility Analysis.

Journal of market access & health policy·2026
Same author

The Effect of Variable-Pitch Headless Compression Screws and Cortical Screws on Interfragmentary Compression: An In Vitro Polyurethane Foam Block Model.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026
Same author

Ex Vivo Pullout Strength of Locking and Cortical Screws in the Femur and Tibiotarsus of the Pekin Duck (<i>Anas platyrhynchos domesticus</i>).

Journal of avian medicine and surgery·2026
Same author

Augmentation of a rotator cuff tendon repair using a bioinductive biocomposite scaffold in an ovine infraspinatus model.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2025
Same author

Preclinical Evaluation of Synthetic Bone Graft Materials in an Instrumented Sheep Posterolateral Lumbar Spinal Fusion Model.

Clinical spine surgery·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
11:51

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage

Published on: February 10, 2014

Performance of bone cements: are current preclinical specifications adequate?

Markus Nottrott1, Anders O Mølster, Irene O Moldestad

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. mkamn@kir.uib.no

Acta Orthopaedica
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Current bone cement testing standards do not reflect physiological conditions. Dry testing overestimates mechanical properties compared to wet conditions, necessitating revised protocols for accurate preclinical evaluation of bone cements.

More Related Videos

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions
04:32

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions

Published on: December 30, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
11:51

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage

Published on: February 10, 2014

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions
04:32

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions

Published on: December 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Engineering
  • Materials Testing

Background:

  • Current preclinical testing standards (ISO 5833: 2002, ASTM F451-99a) for bone cements involve 24-hour dry aging at 23°C.
  • Despite meeting these standards, some bone cements exhibit inferior clinical performance.
  • Clinical use involves complex loading in moist environments at 37°C, questioning the validity of current protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of temperature and storage medium on bone cement properties.
  • To compare mechanical property assessments under standard dry conditions versus physiological wet conditions (37°C in water or plasma).

Main Methods:

  • Bone cement specimens were stored and tested under two conditions: standard (23°C, dry air) and physiological (37°C, water or plasma).
  • Mechanical properties, including ultimate compressive strength and elastic modulus, were evaluated over time.

Main Results:

  • Dry-stored specimens exhibited increased strength and elastic modulus over time.
  • Wet-stored specimens (in water or plasma) showed decreased mechanical properties.
  • Ultimate compressive strength was significantly higher in dry-stored specimens (1.16x at 24h, 1.34x at 1 month, 1.46x at 6 months) compared to wet-stored ones (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Standard dry testing conditions yield higher mechanical property values for bone cements than physiological wet conditions.
  • The significant difference highlights the inadequacy of current dry testing protocols.
  • Development of more relevant testing protocols simulating the in vivo environment is crucial for accurate bone cement evaluation.