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Related Concept Videos

Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult body.
A...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...

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Using Cell-substrate Impedance and Live Cell Imaging to Measure Real-time Changes in Cellular Adhesion and De-adhesion Induced by Matrix Modification
09:11

Using Cell-substrate Impedance and Live Cell Imaging to Measure Real-time Changes in Cellular Adhesion and De-adhesion Induced by Matrix Modification

Published on: February 19, 2015

Extracellular matrix turnover and outflow resistance.

Kate E Keller1, Mini Aga, John M Bradley

  • 1Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239-4197, USA.

Experimental Eye Research
|December 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trabecular meshwork extracellular matrix remodeling is key to regulating intraocular pressure (IOP). New research suggests podosome- or invadopodia-like structures (PILS) may facilitate this process for better IOP control.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Normal intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation involves trabecular meshwork (TM) extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling.
  • This process requires sensing IOP changes, degrading existing ECM, and synthesizing new ECM components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of recently identified podosome- or invadopodia-like structures (PILS) in TM ECM remodeling.
  • To understand how PILS contribute to the focal degradation and organization of ECM components for IOP homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on the cellular mechanisms of ECM remodeling within the TM.
  • It examines the function of PILS in ECM degradation and component organization.

Main Results:

  • PILS may facilitate focal ECM degradation within the TM.
  • These structures might also play a role in organizing replacement ECM components.
  • Controlled ECM remodeling is essential for maintaining TM structural integrity and regulating outflow resistance.

Conclusions:

  • PILS are potentially crucial for the precise control of ECM turnover in the TM.
  • Understanding PILS function could offer new insights into managing intraocular pressure and related conditions.