Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Optimizing Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: A Fully 3D CT O-Arm Navigated Workflow in MIS TLIF
Published on: October 17, 2025
Influence of different methods of cervical flaring on establishment of working length
Dieison Nardi Lazzaretti1, Bernardo Alievi Camargo, Alvaro Della Bona
1University of Passo Fundo - FO-UPF.
Objective:
To investigate the influence of three different rotary systems for cervical flaring on establishment of the real working length.
Material And Methods:
Thirty mandibular first molars were submitted to conventional endodontic access and initial working length measurement, followed by irrigation/suction of the pulp chamber with 5% sodium hypochlorite. Teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10) and cervical flaring of the mesiobuccal canals were performed using one of the following instrument systems: Group 1 - Gates-Glidden burs; Group 2 - Orifice Openers; Group 3 - La Axxess system. Two subsequent numbers of instruments of each rotary system were used and the final working length was recorded. A digital calyper was used to record the working length, in millimeters, to investigate a possible discrepancy between initial and final measurements.
Results:
Analysis of variance (Anova) na Tukey test revealed statistical difference between Group 1 and Groups 2 and 3 (p pound 0.05).
Conclusions:
All groups presented shorter working length after cervical flaring; groups prepared with instruments La Axxes and Orifice Opener presented the best results among the systems studied.
Related Concept Videos
Bending of Curved Members - Strain Analysis
The important part of bending analysis for such a member is the...
Field Procedure for Staking Out Curves
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
Unsymmetric Loading of Thin-Walled Members: Problem Solving
To compute the shear forces, find the shear flow at a specific distance from the endpoint using the vertical shear and the moment of inertia values. The total shear force on the flange is calculated by integrating the shear flow from one end of the flange to the other.
Next, calculate the moments of...
Bending of Members Made of Several Materials
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings
The first moment-area theorem determines the slope at any point on the beam. This theorem indicates that the change in slope between two points on a beam...
