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Upper airway obstruction and craniofacial morphology.

J J Principato1

  • 1Section of Otolaryngology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Services, Bethesda, MD.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|June 1, 1991
PubMed
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Otolaryngologists assess upper airway obstruction in orthodontic patients, linking it to dental and skeletal changes. Early intervention may prevent issues like open bites and retrognathia in children.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Growth and Development

Background:

  • Increasing frequency of otolaryngologist involvement in assessing and treating upper airway obstruction in orthodontic patients.
  • Emerging research suggests a link between upper airway obstruction and dental/craniomorphologic changes in children.
  • Hypothesis: Chronic oral respiration during critical growth periods can lead to dental and skeletal alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between upper airway obstruction and craniofacial development in orthodontic patients.
  • To highlight the role of otolaryngologists in evaluating upper airway patency.
  • To emphasize the need for carefully designed studies to understand these complex interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination by otolaryngologists to assess upper airway patency.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Rhinometric assessment (before and after decongestant) to evaluate nasal airway obstruction.
  • Review of existing studies linking oral respiration to dental and skeletal changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic mouth-breathing is associated with excessive molar eruption, clockwise mandibular rotation, and increased anterior lower face height.
    • These changes can lead to retrognathia and open bites.
    • Low tongue posture, common in oral respiration, hinders maxillary lateral expansion and anterior development.

    Conclusions:

    • Otolaryngologists are crucial in objectively assessing upper airway patency in orthodontic patients.
    • Understanding the impact of upper airway obstruction on craniofacial development is vital for effective treatment.
    • Further well-controlled research is needed to establish definitive causal links and guide clinical practice.