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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Published on: May 5, 2022

Ex-PRESS glaucoma shunt dislocation into the anterior chamber.

Christopher C Teng¹, Nathan Radcliffe, Jennifer E Huang

¹Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, Scarsdale, NY 10583, USA.

Journal of Glaucoma

|December 19, 2008

Summary

A glaucoma shunt (Ex-PRESS) dislocated into the anterior chamber 21 days after surgery. This is the first reported case, highlighting a potential complication for surgeons.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Published on: May 5, 2022

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Glaucoma Surgery
Medical Device Complications

Background:

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) management often requires interventions to control intraocular pressure (IOP).
The Ex-PRESS Glaucoma Filtration Device (Alcon) is a commonly used implant to reduce IOP.
Surgical implantation under a scleral flap is a standard procedure for glaucoma shunts.

Observation:

An 84-year-old male patient developed a dislocated Ex-PRESS R-50 glaucoma shunt into the anterior chamber 21 days post-implantation.
The dislocated shunt was found resting in the inferior angle of the anterior chamber.
The patient maintained corrected vision of 20/30 with an IOP of 13 mm Hg, with no signs of anterior chamber inflammation or corneal decompensation.

Findings:

This case represents the first documented instance of an Ex-PRESS shunt dislocating into the anterior chamber.
The dislocation occurred despite a seemingly uncomplicated initial surgical procedure and a period of stable IOP control.
Post-dislocation, the device did not appear to cause significant ocular damage or inflammation in this specific patient.

Implications:

Ophthalmologists and glaucoma surgeons must be aware of the potential for Ex-PRESS shunt dislocation into the anterior chamber.
This complication may necessitate prompt recognition and management strategies.
Further investigation into the biomechanical factors or surgical techniques contributing to shunt migration is warranted.