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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Selective interference with image retention and generation: evidence for the workspace model.

Marian van der Meulen¹, Robert H Logie, Sergio Della Sala

¹University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)

|December 20, 2008

Summary

This study explored how working memory (WM) interacts with long-term memory (LTM). Findings support the workspace model, suggesting WM acts as a distinct processing area.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

Investigating the relationship between working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM) is crucial for understanding cognitive processes.
Existing models include the gateway, unitary, and workspace models, each proposing different interaction mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To differentiate between three prominent models of WM-LTM interaction.
To empirically test predictions derived from the gateway, unitary, and workspace models.

Main Methods:

Visuospatial working memory tasks were employed.
Dual-task methodology combined visual short-term retention and image generation with irrelevant picture and spatial tapping interference tasks.

Main Results:

Irrelevant pictures selectively impaired the image generation task.
Spatial tapping selectively interfered with the visual short-term retention task.
These selective interference patterns align with the workspace model's predictions.

Conclusions:

The results provide evidence supporting the workspace model of memory.
This model posits that working memory functions as a distinct workspace for processing activated long-term memory traces.