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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Microfluidics-based High-throughput Circulating Tumor Cell Sorting and Single-cell Sequencing Technology

Microfluidics-based High-throughput Circulating Tumor Cell Sorting and Single-cell Sequencing Technology

Published on: November 14, 2025

384-channel parallel microfluidic cytometer for rare-cell screening.

Brian K Mckenna¹, A A Selim, F Richard Bringhurst

¹Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA02142, USA.

|December 25, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a 384-channel parallel microfluidic cytometer (PMC) that screens cell samples 30x faster than traditional methods. This high-throughput screening tool excels at detecting rare cells in complex samples.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Microfluidics-based High-throughput Circulating Tumor Cell Sorting and Single-cell Sequencing Technology

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Cell Biology
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Conventional fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) systems face limitations in high-throughput screening due to slow processing speeds.
Detecting rare cells in large sample volumes presents significant challenges for existing cytometry technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel parallel microfluidic cytometer (PMC) capable of accelerating cell-based screening.
To enhance the sensitivity and efficiency of rare-cell detection in high-throughput applications.

Main Methods:

Construction of a 384-channel parallel microfluidic cytometer (PMC).
Integration of a scanning laser confocal detector and a 96-tip robotic pipettor for automation.
On-system maintenance of in vitro cultures in 384-well plates.

Main Results:

The PMC system achieves a readout speed approximately 30 times faster than conventional FACS, processing 384 samples in 6-10 minutes.
The architecture allows for adjustable signal integration times, improving signal-to-noise ratios for rare-cell detection.
Successfully identified rare clonal osteocytes in a challenging expression-cloning screen for the carboxy-terminal parathyroid hormone receptor (CPTHR).

Conclusions:

The 384-channel PMC offers a significant advancement for high-sample-number cytometry, overcoming limitations of single-channel FACS.
The system's speed, rare-cell sensitivity, and automation capabilities make it highly suitable for combinatorial cell assays and high-throughput screening in biological applications.