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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Fabrication of a Dipole-assisted Solid Phase Extraction Microchip for Trace Metal Analysis in Water Samples
Published on: August 7, 2016
Development of on-line single-drop micro-extraction sequential injection system for electrothermal atomic absorption
Aristidis N Anthemidis1, Ibrahim S I Adam
1Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece. anthemid@chem.auth.gr
Abstract:
A novel automatic sequential injection (SI) single-drop micro-extraction (SDME) system is proposed as versatile approach for on-line metal preconcentration and/or separation. Coupled to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) the potentials of this SI scheme are demonstrated for trace cadmium determination in water samples. A non-charged complex of cadmium with ammonium diethyldithiophosphate (DDPA) was produced and extracted on-line into a 60 microL micro-drop of di-isobutyl ketone (DIBK). The extraction procedure was performed into a newly designed flow-through extraction cell coupled on a sequential injection manifold. As the complex Cd(II)-DDPA flowed continuously around the micro-droplet, the analyte was extracting into the solvent micro-drop. All the critical parameters were optimized and offered good performance characteristics and high preconcentration ratios. For 600 s micro-extraction time, the enhancement factor was 10 and the sampling frequency was 6h(-1). The detection limit was 0.01 microg L(-1) and the precision (RSD at 0.1 microg L(-1) of cadmium) was 3.9%. The proposed method was evaluated by analyzing certified reference material.
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