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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Published on: October 1, 2019

Sleep in heart failure.

Matthew T Naughton¹, Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho

¹Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. m.naughton@alfred.org.au

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

|December 27, 2008

Summary

Heart failure patients often have sleep apnea. Obstructive sleep apnea may cause heart failure, while central sleep apnea indicates poor prognosis. CPAP may help, but survival benefits are unproven.

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Sleep Medicine
Pulmonology

Background:

Sleep significantly impacts heart failure (HF) management.
HF patients experience altered autonomic activity and pulmonary strain during sleep.
Over half of HF patients have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or central sleep apnea (CSA).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the impact of sleep apnea on heart failure.
To discuss the mechanisms linking OSA and HF.
To explore the implications of CSA with Cheyne Stokes respiration (CSA-CSR) in HF.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of existing research on sleep apnea and heart failure.
Analysis of physiological mechanisms involved in OSA and CSA-CSR.
Discussion of current and potential treatment strategies.

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Main Results:

OSA may contribute to HF development and progression through hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and surges in blood pressure.
Reversing OSA shows promise in improving cardiovascular parameters but lacks mortality data.
CSA-CSR is linked to severe cardiac dysfunction and potentially high mortality.

Conclusions:

Sleep apnea is a critical comorbidity in heart failure.
Targeting OSA may improve HF metrics, but survival impact needs study.
Managing underlying cardiac conditions and considering CPAP for CSA-CSR are key, with survival benefits pending confirmation.