Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026

07:31
Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies
Published on: September 1, 2023
Motional coherence in fluid phospholipid membranes
Maikel C Rheinstädter1, Jhuma Das, Elijah J Flenner
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA. RheinstadterM@missouri.edu
Physical Review Letters
|December 31, 2008
Summary
This study reveals cooperative structural relaxation in phospholipid bilayers using neutron backscattering. Correlated lipid dynamics occur over nanoseconds, impacting membrane function.
Area of Science:
- Biophysics
- Materials Science
- Neutron Scattering
Background:
- Phospholipid bilayers are fundamental to cell membranes.
- Understanding molecular motion is key to membrane dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate slow molecular motions in fluid phospholipid bilayers.
- Characterize cooperative structural relaxation processes.
Main Methods:
- High energy-resolution neutron backscattering.
- In situ diffraction.
- All-atom molecular dynamics simulations.
Main Results:
- Observed a cooperative structural relaxation process.
- Determined relaxation rates dependent on scattering vector.
- Correlated lipid dynamics span pico- to nanosecond timescales.
Conclusions:
- Lipid membrane dynamics are cooperative and occur over multiple lipid distances.
- Neutron backscattering and simulations provide insights into membrane molecular motions.
Related Concept Videos
Membrane Fluidity
Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is a relatively...
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is a relatively...
Membrane Fluidity
Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.Fatty acids tails of phospholipids can be either saturated or...
Fluid Mosaic Model
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...
Fluid Mosaic Model
The fluid mosaic model was first proposed as a visual representation of research observations. The model comprises the composition and dynamics of membranes and serves as a foundation for future membrane-related studies. The model depicts the structure of the plasma membrane with a variety of components, which include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. These integral molecules are loosely bound, defining the cell’s border and providing fluidity for optimal function.LipidsThe most...
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer
Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
Membrane Lipids
Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...

