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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Staining Protocols for Human Pancreatic Islets

Staining Protocols for Human Pancreatic Islets

Published on: May 23, 2012

Insulitis in human type 1 diabetes.

Toshiaki Hanafusa¹, Akihisa Imagawa

¹First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan. hanafusa@poh.osaka-med.ac.jp

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

|January 6, 2009

Summary

Autoimmune and fulminant type 1 diabetes (T1D) exhibit distinct pancreatic islet cell changes. Autoimmune T1D shows gradual beta cell loss, while fulminant T1D involves rapid destruction of both beta and alpha cells.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by pancreatic beta cell destruction.
T1D presents with different clinical subtypes, including autoimmune and fulminant forms, with distinct pathogenic mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the distinct immunohistological differences between autoimmune and fulminant type 1 diabetes.
To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying beta cell loss in T1D subtypes.

Main Methods:

Immunohistological analysis of pancreatic tissues from patients with autoimmune T1D, fulminant T1D, and control subjects.
Assessment of beta and alpha cell populations, insulitis, and immune cell infiltration.
Evaluation of immune markers including MHC class I, Fas antigen, and Fas-ligand expression.

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Staining Protocols for Human Pancreatic Islets

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Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients

Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients

Published on: July 30, 2011

Main Results:

Fulminant T1D showed decreased beta and alpha cells, while autoimmune T1D primarily showed decreased beta cells.
Insulitis was present in both T1D subtypes but persisted longer in autoimmune T1D.
Lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine tissue occurred only in fulminant T1D; specific immune marker upregulations were unique to autoimmune T1D.

Conclusions:

Autoimmune T1D involves a slow autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
Fulminant T1D is characterized by rapid beta cell destruction, potentially triggered by viral infections.
Distinct pathological pathways differentiate autoimmune and fulminant T1D, impacting islet cell survival differently.