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Mastication and its control by the brain stem.

J P Lund1

  • 1Department de Stomatologie, Université de Montréal, Canada.

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine : an Official Publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
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It is time to move on.....

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This review details mandibular movement patterns during eating and swallowing, exploring receptor roles and brain stem neuron control. It suggests rhythm and motoneuron burst generation are independent processes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Mastication involves complex mandibular movements.
  • Understanding the neural control of these movements is crucial for addressing related disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the patterns of mandibular movements from ingestion to swallowing.
  • To discuss the roles of various receptors in controlling these movements.
  • To summarize current knowledge on brain stem neurons generating mastication patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on mandibular movements and neural control.
  • Analysis of sensory feedback mechanisms in mastication.
  • Discussion of neuronal circuitry involved in generating rhythmic jaw movements.

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Main Results:

  • Identified basic cycle types and phases of mandibular movements during ingestion and swallowing.
  • Highlighted the significant roles of epithelial, periodontal, articular, and muscular receptors.
  • Proposed that rhythm generation and motoneuron burst production are independent cellular processes.

Conclusions:

  • The neural control of mastication is complex, involving distinct neuronal populations for rhythm generation and motoneuron activation.
  • Sensory feedback significantly modulates pattern-generating neurons.
  • Further research into these independent processes can inform therapeutic strategies for orofacial motor disorders.