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Viruses and oral cancer
1Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston 77225.
Summary
Oral cancer has complex causes, including smoking, drinking, genetics, and DNA viruses like herpes simplex virus type 1 and papillomaviruses. Further research will improve oral cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Genetics
Background:
- Oral cancer etiology is multifactorial, involving lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol), genetic predisposition, and infectious agents.
- Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and papillomaviruses are implicated in oral cancer development.
- Viral carcinogenic effects are known to be modulated by co-factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of viral involvement in oral cancer.
- To highlight the potential of viruses as etiological agents in oral cancer.
- To emphasize the need for further research into the role of viruses in oral cancer.
Main Methods:
- Review of serological studies associating HSV-1 with oral cancer.
- Examination of animal models and in vitro systems demonstrating HSV-1's oncogenic potential.
- Analysis of findings on papillomaviruses in oral cancers and their cell-transforming capabilities.
Main Results:
- Serological evidence links HSV-1 to oral cancer.
- Experimental models confirm HSV-1's ability to induce oral cancer.
- Papillomaviruses are frequently detected in oral cancers and exhibit transforming properties.
Conclusions:
- Viruses, particularly HSV-1 and papillomaviruses, are significant contributors to oral cancer development.
- Co-factors play a crucial role in the carcinogenic mechanisms of these viruses.
- Clarifying the role of viruses in oral cancer is essential for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.