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Temporomandibular dysfunction syndrome associated with scuba diving mouthpieces
1Department of Dental Health, Dundee Dental Hospital, UK.
British Journal of Sports Medicine
|March 1, 1991
Summary
Scuba divers using mouthpieces may experience worsened temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Diver comfort and muscle tension predict dysfunction, aiding mouthpiece selection to prevent these issues.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanical Engineering
- Diving Physiology
Background:
- Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction syndrome is a recognized risk associated with scuba diving, often linked to mouthpiece use.
- Previous reports indicate a correlation between diving mouthpieces and TMJ issues, necessitating further investigation into contributing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficiency and comfort of diving mouthpieces among a cohort of scuba divers.
- To determine the relationship between mouthpiece use, diver-reported discomfort, and the incidence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- A survey of 74 divers (62 male, 12 female) assessed mouthpiece efficiency (grip, insertion, water clearing, air sharing, comfort) and recorded muscle/joint discomfort during diving and non-diving activities.
- Statistical analysis was employed to identify predictors of temporomandibular dysfunction.
Main Results:
- Temporomandibular joint problems, even those unrelated to diving, were exacerbated by the use of a diving mouthpiece.
- Diver assessments of muscle tension and comfort during mouthpiece use were significant predictors of temporomandibular dysfunction occurrence.
Conclusions:
- Diving mouthpiece design and diver-specific factors significantly influence temporomandibular joint health.
- A predictive formula utilizing diver comfort and muscle tension assessments can aid in selecting appropriate mouthpieces to mitigate temporomandibular joint dysfunction risk.