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Published on: August 13, 2019

Direct antiatherosclerotic effects of PPAR agonists

Karin A M Jandeleit-Dahm1, Anna Calkin, Chris Tikellis

  • 1Diabetes Division, Albert Einstein JDRF Centre for Diabetes Complications, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Karin.jandeleit-dahm@bakeridi.edu.au

Current Opinion in Lipidology
|January 13, 2009
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors with direct antiatherosclerotic effects. While promising, their translation into reduced cardiovascular events requires further investigation and targeted modulation of PPAR signaling.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are key regulators of metabolic homeostasis.
  • PPAR agonists exhibit antiatherosclerotic properties independent of metabolic effects.
  • Understanding PPARs' role in vascular health is crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for direct vasculoprotective effects of PPAR agonists.
  • To explore PPAR-mediated mechanisms influencing vascular inflammation and plaque stability.
  • To assess the clinical translation potential of PPAR agonists in atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental and clinical studies on PPAR agonists.
  • Analysis of PPAR-mediated effects on inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, and the renin-angiotensin system.
  • Evaluation of PPAR isoform-specific actions and gene regulatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • PPAR activation influences immune responses, oxidative stress, and plaque composition.
  • Both transactivation and transrepression pathways are critical for PPAR's vasculoprotective actions.
  • Experimental studies show significant antiatherosclerotic effects of PPAR agonists.

Conclusions:

  • PPAR agonists hold promise for preventing atherosclerosis, but clinical translation is pending.
  • Targeted modulation of PPAR signaling pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research is needed to realize the full clinical benefits of PPAR agonists in cardiovascular disease.

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