Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Published on: April 26, 2024
Association of depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome in men
H Viinamäki1, T Heiskanen, S M Lehto
1Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Kuopio, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. heimo.viinamaki@kuh.fi
Objective:
To explore the relationship between several indicators of depression and metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Method:
A population-based sample with high (HMS group) or low (LMS group) levels of mental symptoms, including those of depression, in three follow-ups participated in a clinical examination in 2005 (n = 223). MetS was determined according to the NCEP criteria.
Results:
The prevalence of MetS was 49% in men and 21% in women. Men with MetS had higher rates of major depressive disorder than other men. They also displayed higher Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS) scores and more often signs of suicidality. In logistic regression analyses, higher HDRS scores (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.04-1.64) and belonging to the HMS group (OR 10.1, 95% CI 1.98-51.3) were independent associates for MetS but only in men.
Conclusion:
The results highlight that there is an association between long-term depressive symptoms and the emergence of MetS, especially in men.
Related Concept Videos
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia
Depression: Overview
Depressive Disorders: Etiology
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...