Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026
10:27
Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
Published on: December 15, 2011
Coeliac disease: current approach and future prospects.
1Autoimmunity and Transplantation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute and Department of Gastroenterology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. banderson@wehi.edu.au
Internal Medicine Journal
|January 16, 2009
Summary
Coeliac disease diagnosis relies on small bowel histology, as serological tests can be unreliable. New therapies are emerging to complement or replace gluten-free diets for managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Public demand for gluten-free foods is high due to gluten anxiety.
- Coeliac disease is frequently underdiagnosed, with ongoing confusion about diagnostic methods.
- Small bowel histology is the definitive diagnostic standard.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current diagnostic practices for coeliac disease.
- To highlight the limitations of serological testing.
- To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies beyond dietary changes.
Main Methods:
- Review of diagnostic tools including small bowel histology and serological assays (transglutaminase IgA, deamidated gliadin IgA/IgG).
- Analysis of HLA DQA/DQB genotyping for exclusion of coeliac disease.
- Discussion of immunopathogenesis and potential drug development.
Main Results:
- Serological tests are sensitive but miss up to 10% of cases (seronegative coeliac disease) and are unreliable in specific populations.
- HLA DQ2/DQ8 absence effectively rules out coeliac disease.
- Histological remission monitoring via serology is unreliable.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of coeliac disease requires careful consideration of histology and genetic factors.
- Emerging non-dietary therapeutics show promise for coeliac disease management.
- Increased awareness and new treatments will elevate the prominence of coeliac disease diagnosis and care.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:30Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
01:26Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
01:17Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
01:25Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
01:29Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Pharmacologic...
01:20Taste Buds and Receptors
Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...