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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Lymphatic System01:15

Development of the Lymphatic System

The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular spaces.
Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
Fluid Connective Tissues: Blood and Lymph01:20

Fluid Connective Tissues: Blood and Lymph

Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues. They contain cells, also known as formed elements, circulating in a liquid extracellular matrix, the plasma. The formed elements are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Blood and lymph connect all vital parts and carry nutrients, oxygen, and other essential molecules like antibodies.
Blood
The blood flows through blood vessels— arteries, capillaries, and veins. Blood plasma is primarily made of proteins, solutes, and water.
Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
07:36

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 1, 2015

Lymphatic vessels develop during tubulointerstitial fibrosis.

Izumi Sakamoto1, Yasuhiko Ito, Masashi Mizuno

  • 1Department of Nephrology and Renal Replacement Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.

Kidney International
|January 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lymphangiogenesis, or new lymphatic vessel growth, is common in chronic kidney disease, particularly in areas of fibrosis. This process is linked to vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and is elevated in diabetic nephropathy.

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Blocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice
05:59

Blocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice

Published on: May 14, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
07:36

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 1, 2015

Blocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice
05:59

Blocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice

Published on: May 14, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Lymphangiogenesis is recognized in various diseases, but its role in chronic kidney diseases is poorly understood.
  • Specific markers like D2-40 aid in identifying lymphatic vessel endothelium and lymphangiogenic events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and extent of lymphangiogenesis in human chronic renal diseases.
  • To correlate lymphatic vessel proliferation with disease severity, fibrosis, and inflammation.
  • To examine the role of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in renal lymphangiogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 124 human renal biopsy specimens.
  • Measurement of D2-40 (lymphatic marker) and VEGF-C expression.
  • Comparison between control subjects and patients with chronic renal diseases.

Main Results:

  • Increased lymphatic vessels were observed at sites of tubulointerstitial lesions, correlating with tissue damage and fibrosis.
  • Lymphatic vessel proliferation occurred near tuft adhesions to Bowman's capsule.
  • VEGF-C expression was found in inflammatory cells and tubular epithelial cells, with elevated levels in diabetic nephropathy.

Conclusions:

  • Lymphangiogenesis is a common feature in the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic kidney diseases.
  • VEGF-C plays a role in promoting lymphatic growth in the diseased kidney.
  • Diabetic nephropathy shows a heightened degree of lymphangiogenesis and VEGF-C expression.