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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Giardiasis01:12

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is a globally prevalent intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia or G. intestinalis). This flagellated protozoan is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in the United States and worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route, with infection arising from ingestion of water or food contaminated with cysts. Individuals in low-resource settings, international travelers, outdoor enthusiasts, daycare...
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Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...

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Hepatic hydatid disease: four case reports.

Attef M Elshazly1, Manar S Azab, Samar N Elbeshbishi

  • 1The School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK. hany.elsheikha@nottingham.ac.uk.

Cases Journal
|January 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Four patients with abdominal pain and gastrointestinal issues, linked to dog contact in rural areas, were diagnosed with hydatid cysts. Computed tomography (CT) scans proved crucial for surgical planning due to discrepancies between imaging and lab results.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Parasitology
  • Surgical Treatment

Background:

  • Hydatidosis is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus tapeworms.
  • Abdominal pain and gastrointestinal symptoms are common presentations.
  • Rural communities with canine contact are at higher risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report cases of hydatid cysts in the liver.
  • To highlight the diagnostic role of computed tomography (CT).
  • To emphasize the importance of CT in surgical management planning.

Main Methods:

  • Case series reporting four patients with suspected hydatid cysts.
  • Laboratory investigations including peripheral blood eosinophilia, leucocytosis, and liver enzymes.
  • Diagnostic imaging using ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT).
  • Surgical intervention and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Main Results:

  • All four patients presented with abdominal pain and gastrointestinal manifestations.
  • Peripheral blood eosinophilia, leucocytosis, and elevated liver enzymes were observed.
  • Ultrasonography revealed cystic liver masses, confirmed as hydatid cysts by CT.
  • Surgical treatment and chemotherapy led to successful recovery in all cases.

Conclusions:

  • Computed tomography (CT) provides critical clarity for surgical management of hydatid cysts.
  • Discordance between radiographic and laboratory findings necessitates advanced imaging.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are key to favorable outcomes in hydatidosis.