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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

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Luminescence, the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed energy, is a process that involves the interaction of molecules with light. The energy-level diagram, or Jablonski diagram, is a graphical representation of these interactions, illustrating the various states and transitions a molecule can undergo. In a typical Jablonski diagram, the lowest horizontal line represents the ground-state energy of the molecule, which is usually a singlet state. This state represents the energies...

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Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
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Active polarization descattering.

Tali Treibitz1, Yoav Y Schechner

  • 1Electrical Engineering Department, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa, Israel. ttali@tx.technion.ac.il

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
|January 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a new non-scanning method for clear vision in scattering media using active polarized light. It recovers object visibility and 3D structure, overcoming limitations of prior techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Computer Vision
  • Image Processing

Background:

  • Vision in scattering media is challenging due to backscattering and attenuation.
  • Existing active illumination methods (scanning, structured, gated) are slow or limited to well-lit environments.
  • A non-scanning approach using active scene irradiance is needed for efficient scene recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a non-scanning method for recovering object signals and rough 3D scene structure in scattering media.
  • To utilize active widefield, polychromatic polarized illumination for improved image visibility.
  • To unify and generalize existing polarization-based methods.

Main Methods:

  • Studied image formation under widefield artificial illumination.
  • Developed a recovery approach based on the image formation model.
  • Acquired two frames using a camera with a polarization analyzer and active polarized illumination.
  • Applied a recovery algorithm that accounts for partial polarization of both backscatter and object reflection.

Main Results:

  • Successfully recovered object signals and provided rough 3D scene structure information.
  • Demonstrated a unified approach generalizing prior polarization-based methods.
  • Validated the method in underwater field experiments.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed non-scanning method offers a viable solution for vision in scattering media.
  • The approach is compatible with compact hardware and active polarized illumination.
  • Limitations related to effective range, noise, and illumination falloff were analyzed.