Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
Published on: July 14, 2023
Long-term lithium therapy leading to hyperparathyroidism: a case report
Mian M Rizwan1, Nancy D Perrier
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. mmrizwan1@hotmail.com
Purpose:
This paper reviews the effect of chronic lithium therapy on serum calcium level and parathyroid glands, its pathogenesis, and treatment options. We examined the case of a lithium-treated patient who had recurrent hypercalcemia to better understand the disease process.
Conclusion:
Primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare but potentially life-threatening side effect of long-term lithium therapy. Careful patient selection and long-term follow-up can reduce morbidity.
Practical Implications:
As much as 15% of lithium-treated patients become hypercalcemic. By routinely monitoring serum calcium levels, healthcare providers can improve the quality of life of this patient group.
Related Concept Videos
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology
The Parathyroid Glands
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...
Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology ll
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology