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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Polymer producing palladium complexes of unidentate phosphines in the methoxycarbonylation of ethene
Graeme Smith1, Nicolas R Vautravers, David J Cole-Hamilton
1EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, UKKY16 9ST.
Abstract:
A wide range of unidentate phosphines have been studied as ligands for the palladium-catalysed methoxycarbonylation of ethene in the presence of methanesulfonic acid using methanol as the solvent. At high phosphine to Pd ratios, methyl propanoate is formed at a low rate. However, at P-Pd ratios of 4 : 1, some unidentate phosphines promote the formation of polyketone with moderate rates. Analysis of all the phosphines shows that good electron donating power, combined with small size, favours polyketone formation.
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