[Dysimmune neuropathies: current diagnosis and therapy]

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology

Context:

• Dysimmune neuropathies include acute Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and chronic forms such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP).
• Recent advancements focus on GBS incidence, mortality, and outcome prediction.
• Therapeutic strategies for "benign" and relapsing forms of dysimmune neuropathies remain an unmet need.

Purpose:

• To review current understanding and identify gaps in the diagnosis and management of dysimmune neuropathies.
• To highlight the need for improved therapeutic strategies and outcome measures, particularly for chronic and relapsing forms.
• To emphasize the necessity for further research into long-term patient management.

Summary:

• Dysimmune neuropathies comprise acute (GBS) and chronic forms (CIDP, multifocal motor neuropathy, anti-MAG neuropathy).
• While GBS has seen advances in incidence, mortality, and outcome prediction, chronic forms require novel therapeutic approaches.
• Existing diagnostic criteria and management guidelines for chronic forms exist, but better outcome measures and long-term management strategies are still needed.

Impact:

• Informs the development of new clinical trials for dysimmune neuropathies.
• Aids in refining diagnostic and prognostic tools for GBS and its chronic counterparts.
• Guides future research directions toward optimizing long-term care and treatment efficacy for patients with these neurological disorders.