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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
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Motorcycle helmets and traffic safety.

Thomas S Dee1

  • 1Department of Economics, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, PA 19081, United States. dee@swarthmore.edu

Journal of Health Economics
|January 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Motorcycle helmet use significantly reduces fatality risk by 34%. Mandatory helmet laws also decrease motorcyclist fatalities by 27%, indicating substantial public health benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Injury Prevention
  • Traffic Safety

Background:

  • Motorcyclist fatalities have doubled between 1997 and 2005, comprising over 10% of traffic fatalities.
  • Many states have repealed mandatory helmet use laws over the past three decades.
  • There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of helmet use and related legislation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the effectiveness of motorcycle helmet use in reducing fatalities.
  • To assess the impact of state laws mandating helmet use on motorcyclist fatalities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized within-vehicle comparisons of two-rider motorcycles to analyze helmet effectiveness.
  • Analyzed data to compare fatality rates in states with and without mandatory helmet laws.

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Main Results:

  • Motorcycle helmet use was found to reduce fatality risk by 34%.
  • State laws mandating helmet use were associated with a 27% reduction in motorcyclist fatalities.
  • No significant evidence of increased risk-taking behavior offsetting helmet law benefits was found.

Conclusions:

  • Motorcycle helmet use is a critical factor in reducing fatalities.
  • Mandatory helmet use laws are effective public health interventions.
  • The health benefits of helmet laws are substantial and not negated by compensatory risk-taking.