[Fournier's gangrene: a review of the recent literature]

Fournier's gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and external-genital organs. It is secondary to polymicrobial infection by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with a synergistic action. The aetiology is identified in 95% of cases. The source of infection is either cutaneous, urogenital or colorectal. Predisposing factors, such as age, diabetes and immunodepression, are often present in affected patients. Urgent and aggressive treatment is essential to ensure the patient's survival. Treatment consists of restoration of the fluid and electrolyte balance and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy rapidly followed by surgical debridement. However, the mortality remains high, about 20 to 80%, frequently, due to delayed diagnosis and management. Patients who survive the infection require reconstructive surgery with sometimes marked sequelae related to the extent of fasciitis and debridement.