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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Mycorrhizal Maps as a Tool to Explore Colonization Patterns and Fungal Strategies in the Roots of Festuca rubra and Zea mays

Mycorrhizal Maps as a Tool to Explore Colonization Patterns and Fungal Strategies in the Roots of Festuca rubra and Zea mays

Published on: August 26, 2022

Global patterns of ectomycorrhizal introductions.

Else C Vellinga¹, Benjamin E Wolfe², Anne Pringle²

¹Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

The New Phytologist

|January 28, 2009

Summary

Human plant movement has introduced over 200 ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal species globally, primarily in plantations. Most introduced EM fungi remain restricted to their hosts, with invasion mechanisms largely unknown.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Mycorrhizal Maps as a Tool to Explore Colonization Patterns and Fungal Strategies in the Roots of Festuca rubra and Zea mays

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Published on: August 26, 2022

Investigation of Plant Interactions Across Common Mycorrhizal Networks Using Rotated Cores

Investigation of Plant Interactions Across Common Mycorrhizal Networks Using Rotated Cores

Published on: March 26, 2019

Area of Science:

Ecology
Mycology
Conservation Biology

Background:

Plant trade has facilitated global dispersal of symbiotic ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi.
Understanding EM fungal introductions is crucial for invasion biology and ecosystem health.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the global scale of EM fungal introductions.
To identify patterns and drivers of EM fungal invasions.
To develop a framework for studying EM fungal invasion biology.

Main Methods:

Compilation of data from a novel database of EM fungal introductions.
Analysis of introduction patterns, including host associations and geographic distribution.
Development of a conceptual framework for invasion biology.

Main Results:

Over 200 EM fungal species (Basidiomycota, Ascomycota) have been introduced globally.
Introductions are predominantly linked to Pinus and Eucalyptus plantations in the Southern Hemisphere.
Most introduced EM fungi show limited spread and host specificity in new environments.

Conclusions:

Human-mediated introductions of EM fungi are a widespread phenomenon.
Host range and life history traits may influence EM fungal establishment and invasion success.
Further research is needed to understand the ecological mechanisms and impacts of introduced EM fungi.