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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Related Experiment Video

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Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis
09:55

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Published on: October 25, 2024

Atherosclerosis in autoimmune diseases.

Eiji Matsuura1, Kazuko Kobayashi, Luis R Lopez

  • 1Department of Cell Chemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. eijimatu@md.okayama-u.ac.jp

Current Rheumatology Reports
|January 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) forms complexes with beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) in autoimmune diseases. These complexes accelerate atherosclerosis by promoting macrophage uptake and foam cell formation, explaining disease-related cardiovascular risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Lipid peroxidation is common in systemic autoimmune diseases, contributing to vascular inflammation.
  • Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) interacts with beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) forming immunogenic complexes.
  • These oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes and related autoantibodies are found in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes in autoimmune-driven atherosclerosis.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical characterization of oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of atherosclerotic lesions.
  • In vitro studies on macrophage uptake of oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies.

Main Results:

  • oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes are implicated in autoimmune vascular inflammation.
  • Complexes appear to originate in the arterial wall and are released into circulation.
  • Antiphospholipid antibodies enhance macrophage uptake of oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes, promoting foam cell formation.

Conclusions:

  • oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes play a proatherogenic role in autoimmunity.
  • Macrophage Fcgamma receptors mediate lipid uptake, leading to foam cell formation.
  • These findings offer an immunologic explanation for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome.