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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase (G6PI)-Induced RA Mice

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Published on: January 31, 2020

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

Ajay Sharma¹, Smita Makrandi, Megha Modi

¹Department of Skin and V.D., Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology

|January 28, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) can occur in patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART). This study found that 22.2% of patients developed IRIS, often presenting as herpes zoster, herpes simplex virus, or tuberculosis.

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Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase (G6PI)-Induced RA Mice

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Inducing Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in the Mouse Ear Skin for Intravital Multiphoton Imaging of Immune Responses

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Published on: December 22, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Dermatology

Background:

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) is a paradoxical worsening of clinical condition during antiretroviral treatment (ART).
IRIS occurs despite viral load suppression and CD4 count improvement in HIV patients.
Understanding IRIS is crucial for managing patients on ART.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the incidence and clinical manifestations of IRIS in patients undergoing ART.
To identify common opportunistic infections associated with IRIS development.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 100 patients receiving ART over two years.
Patients were monitored clinically and investigated for opportunistic infections.
Follow-up included monthly visits and symptom-driven consultations.

Main Results:

Out of 90 patients with complete follow-up, 20 (22.2%) developed IRIS.
Common IRIS presentations included Herpes Zoster (HZ), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), and Tuberculosis (TB).
Ten patients were lost to follow-up.

Conclusions:

IRIS, particularly when associated with HSV or TB, can accelerate HIV disease progression.
Early detection and prompt treatment of IRIS are essential.
Continuation of highly active ART alongside IRIS management is critical.