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Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...

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In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse
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In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

Thyroid function in anhidrotic horses.

B A Breuhaus1

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. quiksilvr@bellsouth.net

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|January 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anhidrotic horses show altered thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), especially in winter, though overall thyroid function remains normal.

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Area of Science:

  • Equine endocrinology
  • Animal physiology

Background:

  • Anhidrosis is a condition in horses characterized by impaired sweating.
  • The relationship between anhidrosis and thyroid function in horses requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether horses with anhidrosis exhibit altered thyroid function compared to normally sweating horses.
  • To assess thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation in anhidrotic horses.

Main Methods:

  • Ten anhidrotic horses were compared with ten matched control horses.
  • Horses underwent intradermal terbutaline injections and exercise tests to assess sweat production and physiological responses.
  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation tests were conducted in both summer/fall and winter.

Main Results:

  • Anhidrotic horses demonstrated reduced sweat production and increased body temperature and respiratory rate during exercise.
  • Resting thyroid hormone and TSH concentrations did not differ between groups.
  • While thyroid hormone responses to TRH were similar, anhidrotic horses showed a significantly different TSH response to TRH, particularly in winter.

Conclusions:

  • Anhidrotic horses exhibit an altered TSH response to TRH, especially seasonally.
  • The clinical significance of this altered TSH response is uncertain as thyroid hormone levels and responses remained within normal ranges.