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Published on: September 21, 2018
Personal and environmental characteristics predicting burnout among certified athletic trainers at National
Michelle L Kania1, Barbara B Meyer, Kyle T Ebersole
1AthletiCo, 8937 W Grand Avenue, River Grove, IL 60171, USA. mlkatc@yahoo.com
Context:
Recent research in the health care professions has shown that specific personal and environmental characteristics can predict burnout, which is a negative coping strategy related to stressful situations. Burnout has been shown to result in physiologic (eg, headaches, difficulty sleeping, poor appetite), psychological (eg, increased negative self-talk, depression, difficulty in interpersonal relationships), and behavioral (eg, diminished care, increased absenteeism, attrition) symptoms.
Objective:
To examine the relationship between selected personal and environmental characteristics and burnout among certified athletic trainers (ATs).
Design:
Cross-sectional survey.
Setting:
A demographic survey that was designed for this study and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey.
Patients Or Other Participants:
A total of 206 ATs employed at National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) institutions as clinical ATs volunteered.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
We assessed personal and environmental characteristics of ATs with the demographic survey and measured burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine relationships between specific personal and environmental characteristics and each of the 3 subscales of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment).
Results:
Most ATs we surveyed experienced low to average levels of burnout. Personal characteristics predicted 45.5% of the variance in emotional exhaustion (P < .001), 21.5% of the variance in depersonalization (P < .001), and 24.8% of the variance in personal accomplishment (P < .001). Environmental characteristics predicted 16.7% of the variance in emotional exhaustion (P = .005), 14.4% of the variance in depersonalization (P = .024), and 10.4% of the variance in personal accomplishment (P = .209). Stress level and coaches' pressure to medically clear athletes predicted ratings on all 3 subscales of burnout.
Conclusions:
Our findings were similar to those of other studies of burnout among NCAA Division I ATs, coaches, and coach-teachers. The results also support the Cognitive-Affective Model of Athletic Burnout proposed by Smith. Finally, these results indicate new areas of concentration for burnout research and professional practice.
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