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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Non-invasive Imaging of Leukocyte Homing and Migration in vivo

Non-invasive Imaging of Leukocyte Homing and Migration in vivo

Published on: December 5, 2010

Labeled leukocyte imaging: current status and future directions.

C J Palestro¹, C Love, K K Bhargava

¹Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA. palestro@lij.edu

The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging : Official Publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [And] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [And] Section of the Society Of

|February 3, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Labeled leukocyte imaging, using radiolabeled white blood cells, is a key nuclear medicine technique for diagnosing infections in immunocompetent patients. Despite limitations, it remains valuable for various infections, especially bacterial ones.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Non-invasive Imaging of Leukocyte Homing and Migration in vivo

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Area of Science:

Nuclear Medicine
Medical Imaging
Infectious Disease Diagnosis

Background:

Radiolabeling inflammatory cells for infection imaging is a significant advancement.
Labeled leukocyte imaging has been clinically used for over 20 years in the US.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the applications and limitations of labeled leukocyte imaging in diagnosing infections.
To highlight its role in immunocompetent patients and specific clinical scenarios.

Main Methods:

Utilizes radiolabeled leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, labeled with [(99m)Tc]exametazime or [(111)In]oxine.
Involves in vitro labeling, though in vivo methods have variable results.

Main Results:

Effective in diagnosing infections in the central nervous system, postoperative settings, mycotic aneurysms, and infected vascular grafts.
Accurate for fever of unknown origin, pedal osteomyelitis, and prosthetic joint infections when combined with bone marrow imaging.
Less effective for non-neutrophilic inflammatory responses and spinal osteomyelitis.

Conclusions:

Labeled leukocyte imaging is a cornerstone for diagnosing bacterial infections in immunocompetent individuals.
Improvements in imaging technology (SPECT/CT) and new labeling methods (positron emitters) are expected to enhance accuracy and utility.