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Pencil back-projection method for SAR imaging.

Sahin Ozsoy¹, A Arif Ergin

¹Turkish Navy Research Center, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey. sozsoy@armerk.tsk.tr

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society

|February 4, 2009

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We developed a new high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging method using parametric modeling and tomographic reconstruction. This technique improves image quality and noise resistance, enabling clear imaging even at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR).

Area of Science:

Electromagnetics and Remote Sensing
Signal Processing
Computational Imaging

Background:

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging is crucial for high-resolution earth observation.
Traditional SAR imaging methods often face limitations in resolution and noise sensitivity.
Spotlight mode SAR offers enhanced data acquisition but requires sophisticated processing techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel high-resolution method for spotlight mode SAR imaging.
To overcome limitations of existing SAR imaging techniques, particularly regarding resolution and noise.
To provide a direct formulation in terms of physical quantities like electric field and current density.

Main Methods:

Utilizing parametric modeling of the projected target reflectivity density function.

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Employing tomographic reconstruction for image generation.

Applying the forward-backward total least squares bandpass matrix pencil method for super-resolution in range.

Main Results:

Achieved super-resolution in the range dimension for a single imaging angle.
Significantly improved the quality of images reconstructed by convolution back-projection.
Demonstrated high resistance to noise, enabling imaging at very low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR).

Conclusions:

The proposed method offers a significant advancement in high-resolution SAR imaging.
The technique eliminates the need for polar-to-Cartesian interpolation in the spectral domain.
Direct formulation in physical quantities enhances the interpretability and applicability of the method.