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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Systems Biology of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer

Systems Biology of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer

Published on: March 17, 2016

Estrogen receptor beta as a mitochondrial vulnerability factor.

Shao-Hua Yang¹, Saumyendra N Sarkar, Ran Liu

¹Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, USA. syang@hsc.unt.edu

The Journal of Biological Chemistry

|February 5, 2009

Summary

Estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) is found in mitochondria, acting as a vulnerability factor. Its knockdown increases resistance to oxidative stress and maintains mitochondrial membrane potential.

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Area of Science:

Mitochondrial biology
Neuroscience
Endocrinology

Background:

Estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) has been recently shown to localize within mitochondria.
The precise role of mitochondrial ERbeta in cellular function and stress response remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To confirm the mitochondrial localization of ERbeta.
To investigate the functional consequences of mitochondrial ERbeta on cellular response to oxidative stress and mitochondrial homeostasis.

Main Methods:

Utilized ERbeta knockdown and knockout models in immortalized and primary hippocampal cells.
Assessed mitochondrial ERbeta immunoreactivity, mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim), ATP concentrations, and mitochondrial superoxide production under oxidative stress conditions.

Main Results:

Confirmed mitochondrial localization of ERbeta through knockdown experiments, showing loss of immunoreactivity.
ERbeta knockdown led to increased resistance to oxidative stressors and hydrogen peroxide-induced Deltapsim depolarization.
ERbeta knockdown cells exhibited lower resting Deltapsim, maintained ATP levels during stress, and produced less mitochondrial superoxide.

Conclusions:

Estrogen receptor beta is functionally expressed in mitochondria.
Mitochondrial ERbeta acts as a vulnerability factor, influencing mitochondrial membrane potential maintenance and cellular response to oxidative stress.
These findings suggest a role for mitochondrial ERbeta in regulating mitochondrial transcription and overall cellular resilience.