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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
Paracrine Signaling01:21

Paracrine Signaling

Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis
09:55

Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis

Published on: October 25, 2024

Intercellular communication in atherosclerosis.

Laurent Burnier1, Pierre Fontana, Anne Angelillo-Scherrer

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)
|February 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Connexins form gap junction channels essential for cell-to-cell communication and tissue health. This review explores connexin roles in atherosclerosis, a disease altering intercellular communication.

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Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas
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Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas

Published on: July 1, 2011

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis
09:55

Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis

Published on: October 25, 2024

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas
15:15

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas

Published on: July 1, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cellular Physiology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Cell-to-cell communication is vital for maintaining tissue homeostasis.
  • Altered intercellular communication is a hallmark of various diseases.
  • Gap junction channels, composed of connexins, mediate direct cell-to-cell signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
  • To elucidate the specific roles of connexins in different stages of atherosclerosis.
  • To highlight connexins as potential therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of atherosclerosis pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of studies investigating connexin expression and function in atherosclerosis.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on connexin involvement in disease progression.

Main Results:

  • Atherosclerosis involves significant alterations in intercellular communication pathways.
  • Connexins play dynamic roles in vascular cell function during atherogenesis.
  • Specific connexin isoforms are implicated in plaque formation, inflammation, and stability.

Conclusions:

  • Connexins are critical regulators of vascular cell behavior in atherosclerosis.
  • Understanding connexin function provides insights into disease mechanisms.
  • Targeting connexins may offer novel therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis.