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Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Adult Stem Cells

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

Published on: March 18, 2015

Vascular engineering using human embryonic stem cells.

Donny Hanjaya-Putra¹, Sharon Gerecht

¹Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Biotechnology Progress

|February 7, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Engineering vascularized tissue constructs using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is crucial for regenerative medicine. This review explores novel methods for deriving and directing vasculatures from hESCs, focusing on 3D scaffold approaches.

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Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biomedical Engineering
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Engineering vascularized tissue constructs is a significant challenge in regenerative medicine.
Microvasculature formation relies on biochemical and biophysical cues, mimicking embryonic vasculogenesis.
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) offer a model for studying vascular differentiation and related diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To review emerging approaches for deriving and directing vasculatures from hESCs.
To explore the engineering of 3D vasculatures using hESC derivatives.
To investigate controlled differentiation methods for vascular cell generation.

Main Methods:

Utilizing hESCs for spontaneous and directed vascular differentiation.
Developing three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to mimic embryonic microenvironments.
Analyzing biochemical and biophysical cues influencing vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.

Main Results:

Controlled differentiation approaches offer advantages over conventional spontaneous methods for vascular cell isolation.
3D scaffolds show promise in reengineering microenvironments for vascular tissue engineering.
hESCs can be directed to form vascular structures, aiding in understanding vascular diseases.

Conclusions:

Emerging strategies for hESC-derived vasculatures are advancing tissue engineering.
3D scaffold-based approaches are key to creating functional vascularized constructs.
Further research holds potential for treating vascular diseases like limb and cardiac ischemia.