Membrane-mediated effects of the steroid 17-alpha-estradiol on adrenal catecholamine release

The effects of 17-alpha-estradiol on the secretion of catecholamines from the perfused bovine and cat adrenal gland and bovine chromaffin cells in culture elicited by dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP), methacholine and high potassium were studied. In perfused cat adrenal glands, secretion of catecholamines evoked by pulses of DMPP (1 microM for 30 sec) was decreased by 17-alpha-estradiol at concentrations of 1 and 10 microM by 50 and 80%, respectively. However, secretion evoked by pulses of methacholine (3 microM for 30 sec) was not affected by 1 microM of 17-alpha-estradiol and was affected to a variable extent by 10 microM 17-alpha-estradiol. Catecholamine secretion evoked by higher concentrations of methacholine (100 microM for 60 sec) was reduced by 50% by 10 microM 17-alpha-estradiol. 17-alpha-Estradiol decreased secretion evoked by pulses of 120 mM K+ for 10 sec to a similar extent in the perfused bovine and cat adrenal gland. The 45Ca++ uptake into bovine chromaffin cells in culture stimulated by DMPP (100 microM for 10 sec) or high K+ (59 mM for 10 sec) was almost inhibited completely by 100 microM 17-alpha-estradiol. The rapid action precludes a classical genomic mechanism and suggests effects at the cell membrane.