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Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...

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Complications in equine anesthesia.

Ann E Wagner1

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. ann.wagner@colostate.edu

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|February 11, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

General anesthesia in horses carries risks. This review details potential complications during and after equine anesthesia, offering strategies for prevention and mitigation to improve patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Anesthesiology
  • Equine Surgery

Background:

  • General anesthesia in horses presents significant risks of morbidity and mortality.
  • While large studies report non-colic anesthetic death rates around 0.9%, specific surgical practices may show lower rates (e.g., 0.12%).
  • Mortality statistics alone do not encompass the full scope of anesthesia-related morbidity, including non-fatal complications and recovery injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe common complications associated with general anesthesia in horses.
  • To provide guidance on preventing and mitigating these perianesthetic complications.
  • To enhance the understanding of equine anesthesia risks beyond mortality rates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of perianesthetic complications in horses.
  • Discussion of preventative measures and interventions.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to equine anesthesia morbidity and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Equine anesthesia is associated with various complications during and after the procedure.
  • Early recognition of complications can lead to timely interventions, potentially preventing severe outcomes.
  • Strategies exist to mitigate risks and improve recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Managing equine anesthesia requires awareness of potential complications.
  • Proactive management and intervention are key to reducing perianesthetic morbidity and mortality in horses.
  • This article serves as a guide for veterinarians to prevent and manage anesthesia-related issues in equine patients.