Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2026
Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Eccentric mastectomy and zigzag periareolar incision for gynecomastia
Lung-Chen Tu1, Kwang-Yi Tung, Heng-Chang Chen
1Department of Plastic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, 92, Sec.2, Chung-Shan N. Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. lawrencetu@yahoo.com
Background:
Gynecomastia is enlargement of the male breast caused by gland proliferation. Surgery is performed for symptom relief or for cosmetic reasons. The authors used a modified operative procedure, then evaluated the results and safety.
Methods:
Between 2001 and 2005, 22 men (median age, 26 years; range, 13-63 years) with gynecomastia underwent surgery. The operative procedure included a zigzag periareolar skin incision, eccentric subcutaneous mastectomy, and liposuction, with postoperative compression.
Results:
All the patients were satisfied with the results of the surgery, which produced a chest contour resembling a normal male chest rather than simply a smaller breast. The only complication was a hematoma. One patient was found to have breast cancer.
Conclusions:
The normal male chest contour can be restored by the described method of eccentric subcutaneous mastectomy.
