Cell-culture-based immunochromatography for rapid detection of group A human rotaviruses in aquatic environments

In an effort to detect rapidly and conveniently the infectious waterborne group A human rotaviruses that cause diarrhea in infants and children, the authors developed the first-ever cell-culture-based immunochromatography method. An immunochromatography kit interacted only with the human rotaviruses VP6 antigen, and the cell-culture-based immunochromatography detected group A human rotaviruses with a sensitivity as low as 1.99 TCID50 ml(-1). This detection sensitivity was similar to that of the cytopathic effect-based method. There were no actual differences between the sensitivity of this method and that of the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method, which is known as a method with a relatively high sensitivity. Furthermore, while cell culture detection methods, that is total culturable virus assay, can determine only the presence of infectious waterborne viruses, the cell-culture-based immunochromatography is advantageous for the accurate detection of group A human rotaviruses. Compared with the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method, the cell-culture-based immunochromatography is advantageous because it requires a relatively simple process that enables easy quality controls and low test costs. Thus, this study proposed a new method for the identification of group A human rotaviruses, and it is suggested that this cell-culture-based immunochromatography may be applied to detect group A human rotaviruses in aquatic environments.