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Mandibular finite element simulation as a tool for trauma surgery.

C Kober¹, S Stübinger, C Hellmich

¹College for Applied Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hamburg, Germany. cornelia.kober@haw-hamburg.de

International Journal of Computerized Dentistry

|February 17, 2009

Summary

Finite element analysis simulates mandibular fractures by recreating injury scenarios from radiographs. Muscle activation alters stress patterns, aiding in understanding bone healing and forensic analysis.

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Area of Science:

Oral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery
Biomechanics
Finite element analysis

Background:

Mandibular fracture treatment remains a complex challenge in oral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery.
Traumatologic scenarios for mandibular fractures exhibit significant variability.
Advanced simulation techniques are needed to better understand fracture mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To resimulate traumatologic cases of mandibular fractures using a finite element method (FEM).
To analyze the biomechanical behavior of the mandible under various injury conditions.
To enhance understanding of bone tissue response to trauma.

Main Methods:

Development of a refined FEM of the mandible, including detailed dental anatomy and the periodontal ligament.

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Modeling the mandible as inhomogeneous and anisotropic, with simplified temporomandibular joint capsules.

Simulation of impact forces on selected mandibular regions and activation of masticatory muscles.

Main Results:

The FEM successfully reproduced radiographically presented fracture situations, showing high compressive strain at fracture sites.
Activation of masticatory muscles and teeth clenching qualitatively altered stress/strain profiles.
Simulations indicated elevated stress/strain around fractures, suggesting weakened bone, consistent with surgical observations.

Conclusions:

The FEM approach offers potential benefits for optimizing behavior in sports and vocations involving impact risks.
This method can aid forensic analysis by eliminating inconsistent trauma scenarios.
The study enhances the understanding of mandibular bone as an adaptive biological tissue and its response to fracture.