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Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and expression in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy: clinicopathological
Jing Guan1, Hai-Lu Zhao, Larry Baum
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Summary
The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene variant is linked to diabetic nephropathy. Specific ApoE genotypes correlate with glomerular hypertrophy and altered protein expression in diabetic kidneys.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Genetics
- Diabetology
Background:
- Diabetic nephropathy involves complex renal pathologies with potential genetic links.
- Previous studies suggested an association between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) exon 4 polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy risk.
- The relationship between ApoE genotypes and specific renal histopathological changes remained unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotypes and histopathological alterations in diabetic nephropathy.
- To examine ApoE protein expression in relation to genotype and kidney structure in diabetic patients.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of autopsy samples from 213 type 2 diabetes patients and 111 controls.
- Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotyping using PCR-LDR.
- Histopathological examination of kidney sections and immunohistochemical staining for ApoE protein expression.
Main Results:
- Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon2 and epsilon3/epsilon4 genotype carriers showed increased likelihood of glomerular hypertrophy compared to epsilon3/epsilon3 carriers.
- Glomerular ApoE protein expression was elevated in epsilon2 carriers.
- No significant correlation was found between ApoE genotype and nodular glomerulosclerosis.
Conclusions:
- This study confirms the association of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy.
- It provides the first evidence linking specific ApoE genotypes, protein expression levels, and structural kidney changes in diabetic nephropathy.
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