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Related Concept Videos

Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic circuitry.
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone01:29

Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone

Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
11:18

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

Anxiety disorders.

Rachel G Klein1

  • 1New York University Child Study Center, 215 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. rachel.klein@nyumc.org

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
|February 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Child anxiety disorders are common and have lasting effects. Research supports current classifications but highlights the need for better diagnostic criteria for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

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Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety
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Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety

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Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
11:18

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Published on: September 12, 2014

Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety
04:20

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Published on: November 11, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Child anxiety disorders are prevalent with significant long-term negative consequences.
  • Understanding the distinction between pathological anxiety and normal fear remains a key research question.
  • Existing research on child anxiety disorders is limited, particularly comparative studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding and classification of child anxiety disorders.
  • To identify areas needing improvement in diagnostic criteria and methodology.
  • To summarize the efficacy of current treatments and prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on child anxiety disorders.
  • Analysis of comparative studies and diagnostic classification systems.
  • Evaluation of treatment and prevention research findings.

Main Results:

  • Current classification of child anxiety disorders has some support, with exceptions like generalized anxiety disorder.
  • Significant variability in prevalence rates and inconsistent findings on course and treatment response indicate a need for refined diagnostic criteria.
  • Documented efficacy exists for several treatments, and prevention efforts show promise.

Conclusions:

  • Precise, validated criteria for symptoms, distress, and impairment are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between normal fear and pathological anxiety in children.
  • Effective treatments and promising prevention strategies offer hope for managing child anxiety disorders.