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Tritrophic effects on survival and development in a Coccidophagous coccinellid.

R A Boothe1, D J Ponsonby, R F Preziosi

  • 1Department of Geographical and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, North Holmes Road, Canterbury, Kent CT1 1QU, UK.

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Summary

Chilocorus nigritus, a key predator of armoured scale insects, shows varying success in crop pest control. Potato is a more favorable host plant than squash for its survival and development, impacting biological control strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Biological Control
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Chilocorus nigritus is a significant biological control agent for armoured scale insects.
  • Gaps exist in understanding its ecology and behavior for successful crop pest management.
  • Tritrophic interactions influence the efficacy of C. nigritus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tritrophic effects on the survival and development of Chilocorus nigritus.
  • To assess the impact of host plant changes on the developmental stages of C. nigritus.
  • To determine the suitability of potato and squash as host plants for C. nigritus.

Main Methods:

  • Examined survival and development of C. nigritus larvae on diaspid scales (Aspidiotus nerii, Abgrallaspis cyanophylli) on potato and squash.
  • Assessed larval development when switched between host plants (potato/squash) mid-development.
  • Recorded daily observations from egg incubation to adult emergence.

Main Results:

  • C. nigritus larvae successfully completed development on both host plants and prey species.
  • Switching host plants (potato to squash, or vice versa) had minimal negative effects.
  • Larval survival and development were significantly higher on potato compared to squash.
  • Potato is a more favorable host plant for C. nigritus survival and development.

Conclusions:

  • Host plant suitability (potato > squash) significantly impacts C. nigritus larval survival and development.
  • The ability to switch host plants suggests adaptability, but overall plant quality is crucial.
  • Findings inform rearing, release, and establishment strategies for C. nigritus in integrated pest management programs.