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Related Concept Videos

Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Sputum Studies I: Gram Stain, cytology, and Acid-fast smear and culture01:26

Sputum Studies I: Gram Stain, cytology, and Acid-fast smear and culture

Sputum studies are a critical part of diagnosing and treating numerous respiratory conditions. These studies involve obtaining sputum samples for analysis to identify pathogenic organisms and assess the presence of abnormal cells indicative of malignant conditions. This lesson will delve into three fundamental sputum studies: Gram Stain, Cytology, and Acid-fast Smear and Culture.
Gram Stain
The Gram Stain is an integral part of sputum studies. It involves the staining of sputum, which permits...
Sputum Studies II: Culture and Sensitivity01:20

Sputum Studies II: Culture and Sensitivity

Description
Sputum culture and sensitivity is a medical procedure used to diagnose bacterial infections in the respiratory tract and select the most appropriate antibiotics for treatment. This process involves analyzing sputum samples of thick and opaque secretions produced in the lungs and airways. These samples are collected from patients and then sent to the laboratory for analysis.
The test can identify various pathogens responsible for respiratory infections, including Streptococcus,...
Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps01:15

Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps

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Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

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Odours grab his hand but not hers.

Federico Tubaldi1, Caterina Ansuini, Roberto Tirindelli

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Perception
|February 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Women generally have better smell sensitivity, but men may use odour cues for action. This study found that encoding odours guided male movement, unlike in females, suggesting distinct sex-based olfactory processing.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Olfactory Perception
  • Human Behavior

Background:

  • Gender significantly influences olfactory abilities, with females often showing superior sensitivity and discrimination.
  • Evolutionary perspectives suggest a dissociation in odour processing between sexes: perceptual advantages for females and action-oriented advantages for males.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex-specific differences in how olfactory information is translated into action.
  • To test the hypothesis that odour encoding guides movement differently in males and females.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized behavioural experiments to assess the influence of olfactory stimuli on movement.
  • Compared the effects of odour encoding on motor responses in male and female participants.

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Main Results:

  • Olfactory stimuli encoding demonstrated the ability to guide the movement of males.
  • This effect of odour encoding on movement was not observed in females.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a sex-specific role for olfaction, where odour perception may directly influence motor actions in males.
  • Highlights a potential dissociation in olfactory processing, with distinct pathways for perception and action-oriented responses between genders.