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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Anterior cervicothoracic approach to an upper thoracic spinal endodermal cyst
Hazem Akil1, Barry Mahon, Agadha Wickremesekera
1Department of Neurosurgery, Wellington Hospital, Riddiford Street, Wellington, 6011, New Zealand. hazemakil@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract:
Endodermal cysts are rare forms of benign tumors that comprise about 0.01% of all central nervous system (CNS) tumors. They are found in cranial and/or spinal locations. The posterior approach to the spinal cord is generally the approach of choice for safe resection of those lesions. We report on a thoracic endodermal cyst that was surgically resected using an anterior approach to the spinal cord.
